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fSCIENCE QUIZ REVIEWER

I.             PARTS OF THE CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL SYSTEM

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

The central nervous system controls and coordinates actions which the bodies make. It is found in the brain and spinal cord. It has 3 parts: cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.

PARTS: IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR GIVING NERVE IMPULSES AND ANALYZING SENSORY DATA.

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

This nerve includes eyes, ears, nose, and other sense organs. It carries messages sent between CNS (central nervous system) and the rest of the body. It is made of nerves with their motor sensory endings

II.            MAJOR PARTS OF THE BRAIN

THE CEREBRUM

 The cerebrum or forebrain forms the bulk of the brain. It has a big amount of white and gray neutral fibers in the upper side of the brain or more known as the upper cranium. It is responsible for the bigger thoughts like memory, judgment, and reason. It processes sensory data staring willful motor processes, such as voluntary muscle bending.

The cerebrum is has two halves called the right and the left cerebral hemisphere. It has a number of folds call gyri and furrows called sulci. It is connected to the middle of the medulla.

THE CEREBRUM’S LOBES AND FUNCTIONS

THE CEREBRUM IS DIVIDED TO 4 PARTS OF KNOWN AS LOBES. LOBES LIKE FRONTAL LOBE, OCCIPITAL LOBE, PARIETAL LOBE, AND TEMPORAL LOBE.

·         Frontal Lobe is found behind the frontal bone. The frontal lobe processes memory, reasoning, and associative conceptualizing

It is responsible for voluntary motor coordination. It controls muscle movements and coordinates rhythmical movements of the head and throat.

·         Occipital lobe is found in front of the occipital bone. It contains the center responsibility for sight.

·         Parietal lobe is found in the upper, middle part of the bone, next to the part Parietal bone. It controls the impulses related to touch.

·         Temporal lobe is located in each side of the hemisphere of the brain, next to the temporal bone.  

 

THE CEREBELLUM 

Is the second smaller division of the brain. It is in the bottom of the cerebrum. The cerebellum is responsible for body balance and posture.

Nerve pathways connect the right half of the cerebellum with the left cerebral hemisphere and the right side of the body vice versa.

The cerebellum receives, coordinates, and modifies orders from the cerebrum.

First the cerebellum receives information about the body balance and equilibrium from nerve endings in the inner     Then, the cerebellum adjusts these actions by passing the signals to the motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord.    Thus, the person moves and acts normally.

If the cerebellum is damaged, the person will not be able to maintain precise muscular coordination and fine cooperative actions of the motor processes. This disease is called Ataxia

 

III.          HOW A MESSEGE TRAVELS

 MESSAGE SENT

1.    PART OF THE BRAIN

2.    SPRINAL CORD

3.    NERVE

4.    BODY PART

MESSAGE SENT BACK

1.    ORGAN

2.    NERVE CELLS/ NEURON

3.    SPINAL CORD

4.    BRAIN

 

IV.          REFLEX

An automatic action

HOW DOES IT HAPPEN? The action isn’t send properly to your brain. Meaning that is isn’t being sent to the brain.

HOW REFLEX TRAVELS

1.    STIMULUS

2.    NERVE

3.    SPINAL CORD

4.    NERVE CELLS

5.    IMMEDIATE RESPONSE